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Abstract The leaves of Syringa oblata Lindl., Oleaceae, had been extensively used as a folk medicine to treat various infections, heal inflammations, icteric hepatitis and acute mastitis. The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of S. oblata leaves ethanol extract against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in primary hepatocytes and mice with the indicator of glutathione S-transferase alpha 1. The hepatoprotective effects of S. oblata leaves ethanol extract were evaluated on the basis of liver histopathology and biochemical parameters as well as hepatic oxidative stress markers. The results showed that CCl4 negatively modulated biochemical parameters and liver antioxidant activities. However, the use of S. oblata leaves ethanol extract restored altered-serum biochemical parameters and liver antioxidant activities in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, the trends in S-transferase alpha 1 were similar to alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase level, and S-transferase alpha 1 was suggested to be a marker for the evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of S. oblata leaves ethanol extract. Histopathological examination showed that CCl4 causes significant hepatic injury relative to control group. The above findings suggested that S. oblata leaves ethanol extract has hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced hepatic injury and S-transferase alpha 1 may be an indicator to evaluate the protective effects of S. oblata leaves ethanol extract.
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ABSTRACT In this study, we optimized the baicalin water extraction process from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Lamiaceae (a traditional Chinese medicine). Orthogonal test design L9(3)4 was used to analyze the optimization of water extraction process of baicalin from S. baicalensis. The effect of solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and soaking time on the yield of baicalin were investigated and optimized by orthogonal test. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed for the determination of extraction yield of baicalin. Analysis of variance was carried out to study the effects of the above three factors. The results showed that solid-liquid ratio plays a significant role in attaining maximum extraction yields of baicalin. However, the other two factors had some effect (not statistically significant) on the extraction yield of baicalin. Conclusively, the optimum experimental conditions such as the solid-liquid ratio (1:12), extraction time (30 min) and soaking time (1 h) for the water extraction of baicalin were proposed which can provide the maximum extraction yield of baicalin. In addition, the score based on the content of baicalin and total solid residues yield were used as evaluation indexes for baicalin uterus suppositories evaluation.
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Objective: To compare the post surgical effects of two different concentrations' i.e. 4mg [milligram] and 8mg of sub mucosal dexamethasone to decrease trismus by comparing the mean decrease in interincisal distance in patients undergoing impacted mandibular third molar surgery
Study Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial
Place and Duration of Study: Outpatient department of oral and maxillofacial surgery unit, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. The study was completed in 6 months, from Jan 2012 to Jul 2012
Material and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 150 patients. Patients were divided into two groups A and B. Mean interincisal distance of all patients was recorded pre operatively and post operatively. All patients were advised to use a mouthwash clorhexidine 0.2 percent before surgery. Group A received 4 mg dexamethasone and group B received 8 mg dexamethasone in the buccal vestibular tissues. Standard surgical procedure was performed by the same operator under same conditions. Postoperative mean interincisal distance of all patients was recorded on day 2 [after 48 hours of surgery]
Results: Average age of patients was 32.62 +/- 7.86 years with minimum and maximum ages of 20 and 50 years respectively. Gender distribution was almost equal. Average [maximum interincisal] mouth opening distance was significantly higher in group B as compared to group A i.e. [36 +/- 3.928 mm [millimeter] versus 26.04 +/- 3.097 mm] with p-value=0.000
Conclusion: Eight mg dose of dexamethasone was statistically more significant in reducing the trismus as compare to 4mg [p-value=0.000]
ABSTRACT
To determine the frequency of Hirschsprung's Disease as a cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction, to compare the results of treatment with others and to suggest means and ways to improve the deficiencies in our circumstances. Nishtar hospital and Ibn-e-Siena Hospital, Multan from January, 2008 to June, 2012. A total number of 115 patients from neonatal age to more than 5 years were diagnosed and treated for Hirschsprung's Disease. Hirschsprung's Disease was a cause of neonatal obstruction in 26 [22.6%] patients. Hirschsprung's Disease was a cause of recurrent diarrhea in 37 [32.17%] patients. 76 [66.08%] patients presented with chronic constipation. 27 patients underwent for pull-through operation. The overall complications rate and stooling pattern after Soave's procedure are not significantly different from others
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To report early and late outcome after a one stage operation and comparison with others similar work and to see feasibility of this procedures in our limited resources. We have performed transanal pull through in department of Paediatric Surgery, Nishtar Hospital Multan during May 2010 to May 2013. Fifty patients out of 117 were selected, older than one year, non marasmic and diagnosed as short segment aganglionosis by barium enema were selected. Transanal Swenson's pull through was performed, aganglionic segment was decided on gross appearance [narrow] due to lack of frozen section facility, anastomosis made with 4/0 vicryl. Procedure completed on an average within one hour, without any transfusion. Feeding was started from day one, manageable complications were observed in 25% patients, no mortality seen. Hospital stay was on an average 6 days. Transanal one stage pull through is very practical, can be done without facility of frozen section
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To determine the frequency of Hirschsprung's Disease associated enterocolitis in pre and post operative patients. Nishtar Hospital and Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Multan from January 2008 to June 2012. A total number of 114 patients aged from less than 6 months to more than 5 years were diagnosed and treated for Hirschsprung's Disease after rectal biopsy and internal sphinterotomy. In total of 114 patients 32 [28%] developed enterocolitis before and 5 [18.5%] after definite surgery. The results of this study implicates that the early diagnosis and to make measures to decrease the post pull-through anastomostic anorectal stenosis can reduce the frequency of pre and post operative Hirschsprung's disease associated enterocolitis
ABSTRACT
Nasolabial cysts are rare non-odontogenic cysts of soft tissues of the nasolabial fold. They are
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The objectives of the study were to evaluate the presentation pattern of odontomes of the jaws and their distribution by gender, age, site and histopathological types. A descriptive study was under taken in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Khyber College of Dentistry, Peshawar over a period of 7 years. Information regarding the variables of the study i.e. gender, age, site distribution, histopathological types. and clinical features at the time of presentation were recorded. A total of 38 patients were recruited in the study. Males were predominantly affected by the condition with-the male to female ratio of 2.8: 1. The age range of the patients was from 7-26 years with time mean age of 16.52 +/- 5.24 years. The second decade of life was the most common age, group affected i.e. 63.16%. posterior mandible was the-predominant site .for odontomes of the jaw i.e. 52.63% while anterior maxilla was involved in 34.21% cases. Amongst the two histological types, complex odontomes were more common i.e. 58% while 42% were compound odontomes. The presenting complaint of the patients comprised of extra and intra oral swelling [47. 37%], pain [26.32%] and pus discharge [5.26%,]. While in 21.05% cases of odontomes were a chance radiographic finding. Majority of the odontomes were of compound variety with male predilection. Swelling has been the most common presenting complaint, while in a few patients they were chance radiographic findings
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Edema/etiology , Jaw Neoplasms/epidemiology , Tooth AbnormalitiesABSTRACT
Psyche and skin are closely related. The anatomical and physiological integrity is maintained when they are congruent in their functioning. Natural calamities and disasters affect this harmony adversely by causing psychological as well as physical trauma, which leads to a number of immediate as well as long term skin ailments. The study was aimed to observe any change in pattern of skin diseases in Muzaffarabad after devastating earthquake of October 8th, 2005. Patients and methods The study was carried out in CMH, Muzaffarabad from March, 2006 to August 2006. Patient's record of same six months of last year was retrieved and was compared with present record. Patients of all ages, with any cutaneous disease, attending the outpatient departments or admitted to the skin ward of Combined Military Hospital Muzaffarabad, from 1St March 2006 to 31St August 2006, were included in the study. A detailed dermatological evaluation was carried out in all patients. Relevant investigations like o scraping for fungus and biopsy were done when required. Indoor as well as outpatients' record for the same period of last year [2005] was retrieved. The information were duly documented and compiled. Prevalence of various common skin disorders was compared in pre and post earthquake scenario and statistical evaluation was done by calculating p-value after applying z-test. In post-earthquake period, overall proportion of skin patients increased when compared with similar per-earthquake period. Infections remained at the top in both scenarios but their proportion increased significantly after earthquake period. Psychocutaneous disorders like, trichotillothania and dermatitis artifacta were also frequently seen in post- earthquake period. Hair, nail, pigmentary disorders, sexually transmitted infections were statistically less frequent in post earthquake period. Eczemas, psoriasis and vitiligo were also less frequently reported. A significant increase in overall proportion of skin patients and prevalence of bacterial infections, viral infections, scabies and certain psychocutaneous disorders was probably related to compromised hygiene and sanitation and psychological trauma as consequence of devastating earthquake of October 8th, 2005